The Scottish artist Ian Hamilton Finlay, who died in 2006, once famously stated that “Certain gardens are described as retreats when they are really attacks.” What did Finlay mean? The garden, in its long history, has fulfilled many roles: a display of power, wealth and influence; a delineation of territory; a botanical storehouse; a medicinal repository; a place of relaxation. The list is seemingly endless. Finlay’s own garden, named Little Sparta because it was pitted in opposition to Edinburgh, Athens of North, was many things but might be best described as a gesamkunstwerk – an all-encompassing vision where ideas, philosophies, histories and complex ironies coalesced, carved out of the barren, windswept Pentland Hills south of Edinburgh.